Schedule
Nov. 28, 2024 | 2:30–4:00 PM
Room
Rm 3, South Ballroom
Moderator
Gonzalo A. Campoamor II
University of the Philippines Diliman
F3.1
Mga Kuwentong Laot: Konsepto ng Katatagang-Loob ng mga Mangingisda sa Gitna ng Navotas Coastal Bay Reclamation Project
Mary Nicole B. Manlangit
University of the Philippines Diliman
Kayamanan kung ituring ng mga mangingisda ng Navotas ang Manila Bay. Lunan ang dagat ng kanilang pinagkukunan ng kita para sa pang-araw-araw na pangangailangan. Gayunpaman, ang 650-ektaryang Navotas Coastal Bay Reclamation Project (NCBRP) ng lokal na pamahalaan ng Navotas (LGU Navotas) at San Miguel Corporation (SMC) ay nagdulot ng malaking epekto sa paghahanapbuhay ng mga mangingisda. Kadikit pa nito ang demolisyon ng LGU Navotas sa mga tahungan, baklad, at iba pang istruktura sa pangingisda na pinaniniwalaang magbibigay-daan sa NCBRP.
Gamit ang kasaysayang pasalita, kinalap ang naratibo ng mga mangingisda noong buwan ng Marso, Abril, at Mayo 2024 sa pamamagitan ng pagsasagawa ng mga panayam. Tinututulan nila ang proyektong reklamasyon at demolisyon dahil nagbubunga ito sa pagkawala ng kanilang hanapbuhay at ang posibilidad ng paglubog ng Navotas. Dahil dito, umusbong ang mga hamong kinakaharap ng mga mangingisda, kasama ang pagkawala ng pang-araw-araw na pinagkukunan ng kita at ang banta sa hanapbuhay sa hinaharap. Lumitaw rin sa mga naratibo ang iba’t ibang paraan ng pagtugon ng mga mangingisda sa gitna ng pagpapatupad ng proyektong ito: Una, ang pagkilos para sa sarili at pamilya tulad ng pagpapatuloy ng hanapbuhay at paghahanap ng alternatibong trabaho. Ikalawa, ang ‘di-hayagang paghahanap ng karampatang pananagutan at pagtutol sa proyektong reklamasyon at demolisyon. Ikatlo, ang pakikilahok sa kolektibong pagkilos tulad ng paglahok sa mga kilos-protesta, pagsampa ng kaso sa korte, at panghihimok sa iba na sumama sa laban.
Sinuri ang mga tugon ng mga mangingisda gamit ang konseptong umiinog sa katatagang-loob. Matatagpuan ang katatagang-loob sa indibidwal na pagkilos, sa pang-araw-araw na anyo ng pakikibaka, hanggang sa panagbibinnileg (salitang Ilokano) o pagsasalinan ng lakas sa bawat isa. Sa panagbibinnileg, matatagpuan ang kolektibong paglaban ng mga mangingisda para sa kanilang karapatan sa hanapbuhay at ang kanilang hayagang pagtutol sa proyektong reklamasyon at demolisyon.
F3.2
Sumkad: YKalinga Land Resistance as Critical Health Promotion
Marian C. Sanchez
University of Alberta
As the alarming health disadvantages experienced by Indigenous peoples (IP) globally are brought to the fore, a growing body of literature invites public health practitioners to examine health inequities within the broader contexts of colonialism and land displacement. Public health researchers—who play pivotal roles in generating data for policy and programming—are also called to interrogate commonly-accepted beliefs and practices and how they undervalue non-empiricist approaches to health social phenomena. IP and their allies likewise assert that it is high time for counter-hegemonic studies to establish the authority of Indigenous knowledge, experiences, and goals as public health motivation and evidence.
Aligning with the calls above, which underscore the importance of listening to and amplify Indigenous voices on issues that affect their lives, I am working with the Poswoy and Salogsog tribes in the Province of Kalinga to document, re-inforce, and mobilize their stories of resistance using the lens of land struggle as Indigenous and critical health promotion. “Sumkad” vernacularly means “to rise, resist, and defend” and encapsulates YKalingas’ active confrontation with dam projects as an impediment to their rights to land—a core determinant of Indigenous wellbeing. This integrated knowledge translation project aims to: (1) articulate Poswoy and Salogsog peoples’ Indigenous health rationales for their stubborn opposition to the Saltan D River Hydroelectric Power Project; (2) triangulate local resistance arguments by examining the current state of knowledge on Indigenous experiences of dam-induced displacement and its health social ramifications; and (3) collectively produce evidentiary base and popularized outputs that can support sumkad campaigns and advocacies.
Methodologically, the project will employ an inclusive and multi-sourced approach to narrative studies and knowledge synthesis by using the following: (1) “Inistoryaan ken panag-adalan”—a circular model of community story and knowledge sharing; (2) “talambuhay” or individual life story narration; (3) S.I.A.—a Philippine civil society model for social investigation and analysis; (4) institutional document review; and (5) literature scoping. Community identified outputs including the production of local newsletters, “ipabpabuya” (public viewing and education materials), art and story-based synthesis reports, and the conduct of “ili” (village)-led and “ili”-based policy dialogues are among the main deliverables of this paper. Per principles of engagement and knowledge production therefore, YKalingas’ lived experiences, perspectives, and needs are given primacy and will be strengthened using other anti-land displacement works from local to national and international fronts. Thus, as the study puts native agenda at the forefront, it will also contribute to a growing body of anticolonial and justice allyship works that transgress disciplinary and geographic divides. Overall, this project is an important piece of work that embodies engaged scholarship and public health’s moral impulse of advancing the rights of the marginalized.
F3.3
Jungle Survival: Empowerment of Kanawan Ayta in Asserting Land Right in Morong, Bataan, Philippines
Borromeo B. Motin
Romblon State University-Calatrava Campus
The Kanawan Ayta, a village of the Magbukún tribe within Morong, Bataan, residing in a ~12,000-hectare ancestral domain overlapping with the Bataan Natural Park, Subic Bay Freeport Zone and Bataan Technology Park. Believed to originate from Zambales, their oral history traces back to Apo Alipon and Lola Moray’s migration to the coastal area of Morong, Bataan, searching for a better place to live in, adopting the term “Magbukún,” meaning “On his own,” because they never go back since they left to settle in Bataan. This study focuses on the collective community experience over twenty years of engagement as a facilitator of a co-design approach in empowering the Magbukún Ayta leaders in Sitio Kanawan, Morong, Bataan, to secure and assert rights in their ancestral domain. It discusses how the co-design approach applied as a process in participatory writing of oral history, struggle, and historic social injustice endured by Indigenous people in guiding them to organize their thoughts logically, significant events handed down since time immemorial, and recalling the experiences of past and living elders as co-authors of their history and architect of life of future generations layout in their Ancestral Domain Sustainable Development and Protection Plan (ADSDPP). The co-design approach impacts nurturing ownership and pride of their culture and identity in asserting rights, landmarks and boundaries, history, and significant events associated with ancestral land, including their worldviews and principles in the management and use of resources. It also discusses the partnership and adoption of a holistic development approach emphasizing the importance of culture-based education, livelihood, health, and culture, the impact of assertion of rights and entitlement of ancestral domain, and different interventions of partners to educational attainment, health status, economic status, and cultural integrity.
F3.4
Principle, Process, and Protest of Free and Prior Informed Consent: The Case of Taganito Mining Corporation in the Ancestral Domain of Mamanwa Tribe
Phyllis Marie S. Teanco
Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology
This paper will examine the gaps in the implementation and conceptualization of free and prior informed consent (FPIC) with Taganito Mining Corporation (TMC) in the ancestral domain of the Mamanwa tribe of Claver Surigao del Norte. It will look into how ancestral domains were reconfigured and reproduced which affected the development needs of the IPs with the operation of large-scale mining corporations.
Theoretically, this study will investigate the concept of space and territory as an analytical lens and how ancestral domain shapes the behavior, culture, and identity of the indigenous people. It will provide a local framework for the re-production of culture and identity by identifying IPs’ development goals and generational ecological practices that are continually emerging from the communities. The researcher will utilize a qualitative method for ancestral domain studies that will fully depict and honor IPs’ voice and perspectives. The research must emanate from an indigenous ontological and epistemological basis.
This study will demonstrate that while the Philippines adheres to the international standards of protecting the rights of the IP by enacting the IPRA and to fulfill the promise of the 1987 Constitution however, the conceptualization, operationalization and implementation of FPIC is problematic. The theoretical underpinning in which the FPIC operates is subsumed within the context of national unity and development.
F3.5
The Land and History of Indigenous Cultural Communities in Bukidnon
Maria Cecilia T. Medina
University of the Philippines Diliman
Bukidnon province in the island of Mindanao, Philippines is home to a number of indigenous communities. With Bukidnon’s rich natural resources, the indigenous communities have struggled in various moments in their history to preserve their land and cultural heritage from migrants, business corporations and invaders. Utilizing secondary sources, the history of the indigenous communities was traced from early contacts with Spanish missionaries, the American and Japanese occupation, until 2004. Case studies of some of the indigenous communities in various parts of the province were cited in relation to their struggle to keep control over their ancestral domain from primary and secondary sources gathered by the author in past studies. Historical and political ecological frameworks will be utilized in analyzing significant factors in the indigenous communities’ history and relationship with their land. Findings reveal the importance of various social and environmental factors that have influenced the history and struggles of indigenous communities. Recommendations were made for future studies, for enhancement of policies and government initiatives, civil society and people’s organizations for the welfare of indigenous cultural communities.